The Months of the hijri year (AH)įour of these months are sacred in Islam, God has wanted to be so, they are : Muharram, Rajab, Dhu al Hijjah and Dhu al Qi'da. The lunar observation remains to this day the most used method.
Astronomical calculation is not really the most common method, even if some theologians have tried to introduce it. This is the same method adopted for determining the beginning of Ramadan, God and the prophet have advocated it in the Qur'an and Sunnah. Thus, towards the end of each month, that is to say, the 29th of the current month, the sky is scrutinized to observe the crescent moon, if we can distinguish around the time of sunset before it disappears with the twilight, the day is the first day of the following month, otherwise the current month will count 30 days and the beginning of the following month will only be for two days. The Islamic calendar is lunar it is based on the observation of the appearance of the crescent moon. The first day of the Muslim calendar, is the first of Mouharam year of the Hijra (AH) and is the 15th or 16th July 622 of the Common Era, according to theologians. This calendar is called Hijri by reference to the Hijra (exodus) of the prophet Muhammad –peace be upon him-, from Makkah (Mecca) to Medina (Al Madina), which was a turning point and a landmark event in the spread of the Islamic religion. The islamic calendar or the Hijjri year is based on the principle of a lunar year it is formed of 12 months of 29 or 30 days, thus constituting a Hijri year of 354 or 355 days.
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